Mantle Hood was born on June 24th, 1918 in Springfield, Illinois. He was an American ethnomusicologist. He specialized in gamelan music.
He created the first university program in America for ethnomusicology. He recommended that students actually learn to play what they studied, which was a new idea at the time. He studied piano and played sax in jazz venues while a teenager.
He moved to Los Angeles in the 30's and returned there after serving during World War II. For 5 years after 1945, he studied music under composer Ernst Toch and received a master's degree in composition in UCLA in 1951. He was also a Fulbright scholar and studied Indonesian music under Jaap Kunst in Amsterdam at the university.
He wrote a dissertation on pathet called The Nuclear Theme as a Determinant of Patet in Javanese Music in 1954. "He was a fellow at the East-West Center of Arts and Sciences and a Senior Distinguished Professor at West Virginia University." After his doctorate he spent two years in Indonesia and did field research through a Ford Foundation fellowship.
He became a faculty member at UCLA and made the first gamelan performance program in the U.S. in 1958. "This set of instruments (bronze gongs and metallophones) was cast in Java and given by the Javanese the honorific name Venerable Dark Cloud to describe its sound. It is widely regarded as the finest gamelan in the United States."
In 1960, he started the Institute for Ethnomusicology at UCLA. It inspired more than 100 gamelan groups in the U.S. In 1986 for his research, he received honors from the Indonesian government.
At the time, he also received the title of Ki meaning ‘venerable’ and was inducted into the Society of Indonesian National Heroes known as the Dharma Kusuma. He wrote many scholarly books, journal and encyclopedia articles. In particular he wrote The Ethnomusicologist in 1971, Music in Indonesia in 1972, and The Evolution of Javanese Gamelan and nearly 100 chapters for other books.
He could speak the Balinese and Javanese languages fluently as well as languages from the other Indonesian Islands. He retired in Hawaii in 1973 where he composed music, was editor of The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, and contributed to the Harvard Dictionary of Music and the Encyclopdie de la Musique. He came out of retirement in the 1980s to serve as Senior Distinguished Professor at the University of Maryland Baltimore County until 1996.
He also created an ethnomusicology program there as well. He was a professor of music at West Virginia University and a visiting professor at Harvard, Yale, Wesleyan, Indiana, Drake and the University of Ghana. He was also president of the Society for Ethnomusicology from 1965 until 1967.
In 1999, he was the Charles Seeger lecturer at the SEM annual conference. "In 2002, Hood was awarded the prestigious USINDO award by the United States-Indonesia Society, which recognized his contributions to U.S.-Indonesia relations." Within Organology he was the first to propose a new category called electronophones for electronic musical instruments.
He married twice. His first wife was Shirley Hood and they divorced. His 2nd wife, Hazel Chung, taught Indonesian and African dance with who Dr. Hood collaborated in his research. In addition to his wife, of Ellicott City, survivors include one son from his first marriage, Marlowe Hood of Paris; three sons from his second marriage, Maiyo J. Hood of Shanghai, Mitro A. Hood of Baltimore and Made M. Hood of Melbourne, Australia and three grandchildren.
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